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Hybrid characteristic centrality (Liu and Zheng 2023) adds the extended degree \(k^{ex}(u) = \delta k(u) + (1 - \delta) \sum_{v \in \phi(u)} k(v)\) to the E-shell position index \(pos(u)\), each divided by its maximum. The E-shell decomposition removes, round by round, the remaining nodes of minimum extended degree, recomputed on the residual graph, and \(pos(u)\) is the round in which \(u\) leaves. $$HCC(u) = \frac{k^{ex}(u)}{k^{ex}_{max}} + \frac{pos(u)}{pos_{max}}$$

Usage

centrality_hcc(x, ...)

Arguments

x

Network input accepted by centrality.

...

Further arguments to centrality. The measure uses hcc_delta (weight \(\delta\) of the node's own degree in the extended degree, default 0.5).

Value

A named numeric vector with one score per node, in input node order.

Details

The measure is computed on the simple undirected skeleton of the network, so direction, weights, loops and parallel edges are ignored. Scores lie in \([0, 2]\). Equation (4) uses the extended degrees of the original graph, as the source's worked example requires. The normalizers are global, so adding a disconnected component can change every score. An isolate leaves in the first round, and every node of an edgeless graph scores one. A hcc_delta outside \([0, 1]\) raises a cograph_bad_parameter error. Step 3 of the source's E-shell procedure prints \(\arg\max\) where its text and Table 2 require \(\arg\min\), and the minimum is implemented. The Centrality Zoo describes the E-shell decomposition as a k-shell variant, which gives different positions on the source's Figure 1.

References

Liu, J. and Zheng, J. (2023). Identifying important nodes in complex networks based on extended degree and E-shell hierarchy decomposition. Scientific Reports, 13, 3197. doi:10.1038/s41598-023-30308-5 .

Examples

centrality_hcc(regulation_net)
#>    Explore       Plan    Monitor      Adapt    Reflect    Discuss Synthesize 
#>  1.2272727  1.8636364  2.0000000  1.5075758  1.0378788  1.2500000  0.8030303 
#>   Evaluate     Create      Share 
#>  1.6287879  1.8863636  1.6287879