Analysis-ready data from the VaSSTra chapter. The object preserves the
chapter's eight raw state indicators and adds _z versions standardized
within course_id. It also carries VaSSTra role metadata, so id, time,
variables, standardization, and indicator missingness do not need to be
repeated in common package calls.
Format
A data frame with 1,136 observations and 19 variables:
- user_id
Pseudonymous student identifier.
- course_id
Pseudonymous course identifier used for standardization.
- sequence_position
Course position from 1 through 8.
- course_view_count
Raw course-view frequency.
- forum_consume_count
Raw forum-consumption frequency.
- forum_contribute_count
Raw forum-contribution frequency.
- lecture_view_count
Raw lecture-view frequency.
- course_view_regularity
Raw course-view regularity.
- session_count
Raw session count.
- total_duration
Raw total activity duration.
- active_days
Raw number of active days.
- course_view_count_z,forum_consume_count_z, forum_contribute_count_z,lecture_view_count_z, course_view_regularity_z,session_count_z,total_duration_z, active_days_z
The eight indicators standardized within
course_idusing the sample standard deviation. Three singleton courses create 24 intentional missing values; VaSSTra's attached metadata requests within-time median imputation.
Source
Learning Analytics Methods, Chapter 11 and the lamethods data repository.
Examples
data(engagement)
str(engagement)
#> 'data.frame': 1136 obs. of 19 variables:
#> $ user_id : chr "D2C5F64E" "D2C5F64E" "D2C5F64E" "D2C5F64E" ...
#> $ course_id : chr "C6107FC4" "4C3F37F0" "E54A52A3" "AB7EC624" ...
#> $ sequence_position : int 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 ...
#> $ course_view_count : int 150 98 254 332 386 261 250 287 186 241 ...
#> $ forum_consume_count : int 251 84 354 825 960 1026 652 697 597 580 ...
#> $ forum_contribute_count : int 79 17 34 185 233 208 171 161 171 188 ...
#> $ lecture_view_count : int 132 108 284 256 356 154 239 230 202 261 ...
#> $ course_view_regularity : num 0.42 0.26 0.29 0.63 0.74 0.37 0.44 0.55 0.3 0.45 ...
#> $ session_count : int 121 53 159 287 321 212 191 206 174 182 ...
#> $ total_duration : int 53330 14465 64324 122821 148792 121008 85067 92707 79427 81394 ...
#> $ active_days : int 12 5 12 19 23 15 16 24 13 14 ...
#> $ course_view_count_z : num -1.135 -2.027 0.519 1.875 2.776 ...
#> $ forum_consume_count_z : num -1.87 -2.69 -1.24 1.33 2.11 ...
#> $ forum_contribute_count_z: num -1.8356 -2.7901 -2.3865 -0.0489 1.109 ...
#> $ lecture_view_count_z : num -1.075 -1.507 1.352 0.989 2.967 ...
#> $ course_view_regularity_z: num -0.791 -1.542 -1.244 1.582 1.53 ...
#> $ session_count_z : num -1.304 -2.258 -0.474 1.892 2.513 ...
#> $ total_duration_z : num -1.221 -2.614 -0.711 1.711 2.868 ...
#> $ active_days_z : num -1.09 -2.421 -0.819 0.779 1.492 ...
#> - attr(*, "vasstra")=List of 6
#> ..$ id : chr "user_id"
#> ..$ time : chr "sequence_position"
#> ..$ variables : chr [1:8] "course_view_count_z" "forum_consume_count_z" "forum_contribute_count_z" "lecture_view_count_z" ...
#> ..$ standardize : chr "none"
#> ..$ missing : chr "median"
#> ..$ standardized_by: chr "course_id"
states <- step1_states(engagement, n_states = 3)